This article is about the Santa Fe River in Florida. For the Santa Fe River in New Mexico, see
Santa Fe River (New Mexico).

Map of the Santa Fe River.
The
Santa Fe River is a 75 mile (121 km)
river in northern
Florida. The
watershed of the river is approximately 1,380 square miles (3575 km²) and spreads across southern
Columbia, southern
Suwanee, western
Bradford, far southern
Baker,
Union, northern and eastern
Gilchrist, and northern
Alachua counties.
[1] The headwaters of the river are
Lake Santa Fe, near
Keystone Heights, Florida.
[2] The Santa Fe river is usually a slow-flowing river. This slow speed, combined with the abundant leaf-drop from nearby trees, especially
Bald Cypress, leads to a very
dark-brown river.
The Santa Fe River is unusual in that it completely disappears underground and then reappears 3 miles (5 km) downstream. The river drops into a large sinkhole in
O'Leno State Park and reappears in the adjacent
River Rise Preserve State Park. A map of the watershed clearly shows the gap in the river where it flows underground.
[3] Numerous springs, many of which are unnamed, are located at the banks of the river, mostly downstream of the river's reappearance above ground level. The mostly slow-moving nature of the water makes the river suitable for beginner-level canoeists and kayakers. The water temperature near the numerous
springs is always around 72 °F (27 °C).
[4] The area is sparsely populated compared to the rest of Florida and there have been sightings of rare animals such as the
black bear,
Florida panther,
bobcat, and due to the near-constant water temperatures along many portions of the river,
manatees.
[5] As with many rivers in Florida, fossil remnants are also plentiful along the Santa Fe.
[6][7][8]
The tributaries of the Santa Fe include the
New River, Olustee Creek, and
Ichetucknee River, another spring-fed river.
[4] The Santa Fe empties into the
Suwanee River near
Branford, Florida.
[9]
The river derives its name from a
Franciscan mission named
Santa Fe de Toloco formerly located near the river.
[10]

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